On the class nature of the "people's democracies"

Tony Cliff

text from: "The Fourth International, Stalinism and the Origins of the International Socialists: Some Documents", Pluto Press, London 1971, pp.60-64; reprinted in Tony Cliff, "Neither Washington nor Moscow", Bookmarks, London 1982, pp.82-85. [Also on http://www.marxists.org/archive/cliff/works/1950/07/index.htm]

• I - If the "People's Democracies" are Capitalist Countries, what Conclusion can we draw about Russia?
• II - Were there Victorious Proletarian Revolutions in Eastern Europe?
  • Rumania, Hungary and Bulgaria
  • Czechoslovakia
  • Poland
  • The Soviet Zone of Germany
  • The Stalinist 'Social Revolution', and the Marxist-Leninist Theory of the State
  • The Stalinist 'Socialist Revolution' and the Marxist Conception of the Role of Proletarian Class Consciousness
  • Is Stalinism Socially Counter-Revolutionary?
  • The Basic Contradiction
• III - On the Attitude to Tito
  • Tito's Stalinist Past
  • On which Side of the Dividing Line between Stalinism and Trotskyism does Tito stand?
  • The 'Democratisation of Yugoslavia' and the Perspectives of the FI
• APPENDIX Theoretical Bankruptcy and Political Dishonesty - The Record of the International Secretariat (IS) on the " People's Democracies"